They are dedicated to maintaining law and order and believe in customs and traditions. Idealists tend to focus on personal growth, self-improvement, and people reaching their potential. They are abstract and cooperative, and as a result, they strongly believe in working together harmoniously to pursue what could be, rather than what is. They are loyal, honest, and kind, and tend to pursue careers that enable them to help people.
Rationals are the rarest of the four temperaments. Rationals are problem-solvers who enjoy figuring out systems whether those systems are organic, social, mechanical, or something else and determining how to improve them. They are abstract and utilitarian, which means they are pragmatic in their approach and interested in abstract concepts that underlie whatever systems have caught their interest.
Rationals value intelligence, independent thinking, and logic. They often become completely absorbed by whatever problem they are trying to solve, making them seem aloof or withdrawn. Each of Keirsey's temperaments is subdivided into four character types. In addition to the label given to each character type by Keirsey, each type is also labeled with a set of four letters corresponding to the four sets of preferences used in another personality assessment, the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator MBTI , to label personality types.
Those preferences and the letters used to symbolize them are:. The MBTI focuses on interior thoughts and feelings and especially the dichotomy between extraversion and introversion. The Keirsey Sorter is interested in external behavior and especially the dichotomy between intuition and sensing.
The 16 types are listed below and separated by temperament. While the latest version of the Keirsey Temperament Sorter, the Keirsey Temperament Sorter II KTS-II , is widely used by career counselors and schools to help people better understand themselves and their potential career prospects, data on the reliability and validity of the questionnaire is quite limited.
While this means the assessments are highly positively correlated and measure the same constructs, some research suggests the MBTI has not been adequately validated for use in career counseling, a concern this study indicates should extend to the online KTS-II. Meanwhile, a study found that the pen-and-paper version of the KTS-II was reasonably reliable, although item analysis revealed that dropping some weaker items would result in improvements. Because of this, the researchers suggested the assessment was better suited to research than for use by individuals seeking to assess their personalities and career possibilities.
Due to its easy accessibility online, the Keirsey Temperament Sorter II is one of the most popular personality assessments in use today. It has been taken by over million people in countries and translated into 18 languages. The KTS-II is a question forced-choice assessment, where the respondent must choose between two options for each item. The official version of the assessment is freely available online through the Keirsey Group's website.
Ever wonder what your personality type means? Sign up to find out more in our Healthy Mind newsletter. About David Keirsey. The Four Temperaments.
Portrait of an artisan. Portrait of a guardian. Portrait of an idealist. Portrait of a rational. Learn about the artisan composer. Learn about the artisan crafter. Learn about the artisan performer. Learn about the artisan promoter. Learn about the guardian inspector.
Learn about the guardian protector. Ganzheitliche Gesundheit. Teilen Tweet. Erica Roberts - Buchbesprechungen. Siehe auch. Charlotte Smith - Februar 25, Alle Ergebnisse anzeigen. Each temperament has its own unique qualities and shortcomings, strengths and challenges. David Keirsey has identified humankind's four basic temperaments as the Artisan, the Guardian, the Idealist, and the Rational. What accounts for the differences we see in the four temperaments? To use the idea of temperament most effectively, it is important to understand that the four temperaments are not simply arbitrary collections of characteristics, but spring from an interaction of the two basic dimensions of human behavior: our communication and our action, our words and our deeds, or, simply, what we say and what we do.
First, people naturally think and talk about what they are interested in, and if you listen carefully to people's conversations, you find two broad but distinct areas of subject matter. At times, of course, everyone addresses both sorts of topics, but in their daily lives, and for the most part, Concrete people talk about reality, while Abstract people talk about ideas. Some people talk primarily about the external, concrete world of everyday reality: facts and figures, work and play, home and family, news, sports and weather — all the who-what-when-where-and how much's of life.
Artisans and Guardians are concrete in their communication. Other people talk primarily about the internal, abstract world of ideas: theories and conjectures, dreams and philosophies, beliefs and fantasies —all the why's, if's, and what-might-be's of life.
Idealists and Rationals are abstract in their communication. Second, at every turn people are trying to accomplish their goals, and if you watch closely how people go about their business, you see that there are two fundamentally opposite types of action. Other people act primarily in a cooperative or socially acceptable manner, that is, they try to do the right thing, in keeping with agreed upon social rules, conventions, and codes of conduct, and only later do they concern themselves with the effectiveness of their actions.
0コメント