October — The Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine is announced. The Nobel Assembly chooses the Nobel Prize laureates in physiology or medicine through a majority vote on the first Monday in October. The decision is final and without appeal.
The Nobel Prize laureates are informed immediately afterwards and the decision is then announced at the press conference. December — The Nobel Prize award ceremony. The Nobel Prize award ceremony takes place on the 10th of December in Stockholm, where the Nobel Prize laureates receive the Nobel Prize medal, diploma and the prize amount. The statutes of the Nobel Foundation restrict disclosure of information about the nominations and selecting process for 50 years.
Contact the Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet. Nomination of the physics laureates Nomination of the chemistry laureates Nomination of the medicine laureates Nomination of the literature laureates Nomination of the peace laureates Nomination of the economic sciences laureates.
Holders of established posts as full professors at the faculties of medicine in Sweden and holders of similar posts at the faculties of medicine or similar institutions in Denmark, Finland, Iceland and Norway;. Holders of similar posts at no fewer than six other faculties of medicine at universities around the world, selected by the Nobel Assembly, with a view to ensuring the appropriate distribution of the task among various countries.
He called his invention dynamite and expected to sell it to mining companies. It wasn't long before dynamite was being used as a weapon of war. And throughout his lucrative career, Nobel contributed to the development of more powerful and deadly weapons, including rockets, cannons and new types of gunpowder.
Nobel's global empire of dynamite and weapons factories made him one of the richest men of his day, but he was also, ironically, a pacifist. He corresponded later in life with Bertha von Suttner, a leader of the international peace movement and author of "Lay Down Your Arms.
If only Nobel's predictions were true. The inventor died in at age 63 before he could witness the horrors of World War I , where weapons of his making would kill millions. In his will, Nobel specified the five areas in which the prizes should be awarded: physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature and peace.
This peace prize, Nobel wrote , should go "to the person who has done the most or best to advance fellowship among nations, the abolition or reduction of standing armies, and the establishment and promotion of peace congresses.
Nobel named the specific Swedish academies and other institutions who would responsible for picking the winners — with "no consideration given to nationality" — but it was up to the Nobel Foundation, created in , to come up with a process for nominating and selecting each year's laureates. If you're curious, the word "laureate" comes from the ancient Greek practice of crowning poets and heroes with sprigs of laurel, a sacred tree of Apollo.
Now it's mostly used to designate winners of impressive academic prizes, like Nobel laureates, but also positions of literary distinction, like the poet laureate.
A sixth category in the economic sciences was added in thanks to a donation from the Swedish central bank "in memory of Alfred Nobel. Nominations for the four most technical Nobel categories — physics, chemistry, medicine and economic sciences — are exclusively by invitation only. Each prize has its own standing Nobel Committee, which sends out nomination requests to roughly 3, people , all leading academics in the field and former Nobel recipients.
From those hundreds of nominations, each Nobel Committee creates a shortlist of finalists, after consulting with experts, which is then sent to the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. The Academy then votes by majority for the winners of the Nobel Prizes in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, and the economic sciences.
The decisions are final. The other two prizes, literature and peace, have slightly different nomination processes. The literature committee, for example, sends out its own invitations for nominees, but other " qualified persons " are also welcome to submit names for consideration. Qualified persons include professors of literature or linguistics at colleges and universities, and presidents of national literary societies.
The winner of the literature prize is selected by the 18 members of the Swedish Academy, who are all prominent Swedish writers, literary scholars and historians. No nomination invitations are sent out for the peace prize. But that doesn't mean anyone can nominate anybody. You have to be a " qualified nominator " to submit names. People who fit that bill include members of The Hague, government ministers or former Nobel Peace Prize winners, but also university professors in fields like the social sciences, law, philosophy and religion, and directors of peace research institutes.
The winner of the peace prize is chosen by Norwegians, not Swedes. In his will, Nobel specified that the peace prize would be selected by a five-person committee chosen by the Norwegian Parliament.
That's why the peace prize alone is awarded in a ceremony in Oslo, while the rest are conferred at ceremonies in Stockholm. The deliberation process for choosing the winners is private you could say "secret and the full lists of nominees and their nominators aren't made public until 50 years later.
Follow this link for a detailed overview of the nomination process. Contrary to common belief, there is no public list of the current year's nominees. Read more here. As a matter of principle, and according to the Nobel statutes, the Norwegian Nobel Institute can never confirm, or disconfirm, whether someone has been nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize until 50 years have passed. Nominations for the Nobel Peace Prize require no invitation, but are only considered valid if submitted by a person who meets certain criteria.
You may find the list of criteria on this website. Any person or organization can be nominated by anyone eligible to nominate. There is no vetting of nominations prior to the nomination deadline, hence the Norwegian Nobel Committee has no influence on the quality of the submissions.
The task of the Committee is strictly limited to selecting the best candidate or candidates among the entire list of submissions. To simply be nominated is therefore not an official endorsement or honour extended by the Nobel Committee, and may not be used to imply affiliation with the Nobel Peace Prize or its related institutions. No, a personal application for an award will not be considered.
Please see the list of criteria for nominators.
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